\u6e05\u6668\u548c\u508d\u665a\u7684\u516c\u56ed\u3001\u5e7f\u573a\uff0c\u603b\u80fd\u770b\u5230\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u753b\u9762\uff1a\u97f3\u4e50\u4e00\u54cd\uff0c\u961f\u5f62\u6392\u5f00\uff0c\u7537\u5973\u8001\u5c11\u6b65\u4f10\u6574\u9f50\u3001\u624b\u81c2\u6446\u52a8\u3001\u65cb\u8f6c\u8f6c\u8eab\u3002\u65c1\u89c2\u8005\u6709\u65f6\u4f1a\u8c03\u4f83\uff1a\u201c\u5e7f\u573a\u821e\u53c8\u5f00\u59cb\u5360\u9886\u5e7f\u573a\u4e86\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n
\u4f46\u4ece\u795e\u7ecf\u79d1\u5b66\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u770b\uff0c\u8df3\u5e7f\u573a\u821e\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u4eba\u7c7b\u6700\u63a5\u8fd1\u201c\u795e\u7ecf\u79d1\u5b66\u5904\u65b9\u201d\u7684\u516c\u5171\u6d3b\u52a8\u4e4b\u4e00\u4e86\uff0c\u5b83\u5bf9\u4e8e\u9884\u9632\u548c\u62b5\u6297\u963f\u5c14\u8328\u6d77\u9ed8\u75c7\u548c\u6574\u4f53\u795e\u7ecf\u5065\u5eb7\u6709\u7a81\u51fa\u4f5c\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n
\u963f\u5c14\u8328\u6d77\u9ed8\u75c7\u4e0d\u662f\u5355\u7eaf<\/strong><\/p>\n \u56e0\u4e3a\u5e74\u8001\u800c\u201c\u7cca\u6d82\u201d<\/strong><\/p>\n \u963f\u5c14\u8328\u6d77\u9ed8\u75c7\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u5927\u4f17\u5634\u91cc\u7684\u201c\u8001\u5e74\u75f4\u5446\u201d\u3002\u5f88\u591a\u4eba\u4ee5\u4e3a\uff0c\u963f\u5c14\u8328\u6d77\u9ed8\u75c7\u5c31\u662f\u4eba\u8001\u4e86\u81ea\u7136\u4f1a\u201c\u7cca\u6d82\u201d\u3002\u7136\u800c\u8fd1\u4e8c\u5341\u5e74\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u60c5\u51b5\u8fdc\u6bd4\u8fd9\u4e2a\u590d\u6742\u3002\u963f\u5c14\u8328\u6d77\u9ed8\u75c7\u5e76\u975e\u5355\u7eaf\u7684\u201c\u5e74\u7eaa\u5927\u201d\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u957f\u671f\u4e0d\u826f\u751f\u6d3b\u65b9\u5f0f(\u5982\u996e\u98df\u3001\u7761\u7720)\u5f15\u53d1\u5927\u8111\u4ee3\u8c22\u7d0a\u4e71\uff0c\u8fdb\u800c\u7834\u574f\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u6700\u7ec8\u5bfc\u81f4\u7684\u9000\u884c\u6027\u75c5\u53d8\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n 1 \u963f\u5c14\u8328\u6d77\u9ed8\u75c7\u548c\u4ee3\u8c22\u5065\u5eb7\u5bc6\u5207\u76f8\u5173<\/strong><\/p>\n \u963f\u5c14\u8328\u6d77\u9ed8\u75c7\u7684\u75c7\u72b6\u4f53\u73b0\u4e3a\u8bb0\u5fc6\u529b\u4e0b\u964d\u3001\u6267\u884c\u529f\u80fd\u51cf\u5f31\u3001\u7a7a\u95f4\u80fd\u529b\u4e0b\u964d\u3001\u884c\u4e3a\u548c\u60c5\u7eea\u6539\u53d8\u7b49\uff0c\u800c\u4f20\u7edf\u89c2\u5ff5\u5f80\u5f80\u628a\u8fd9\u4e9b\u53d8\u5316\u5355\u7eaf\u5f52\u56e0\u4e3a\u201c\u8001\u7cca\u6d82\u4e86\u201d\u3002\u7814\u7a76\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u963f\u5c14\u8328\u6d77\u9ed8\u75c7\u5176\u5b9e\u6d89\u53ca\u591a\u79cd\u751f\u7269\u5b66\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u4e00\u4e2a\u91cd\u8981\u56e0\u7d20\u662f\u4ee3\u8c22\u8870\u8001(metabolic aging)\u3002<\/strong>\u5f53\u5927\u8111\u51fa\u73b0\u80fd\u91cf\u4ee3\u8c22\u969c\u788d(\u5982\u80f0\u5c9b\u7d20\u62b5\u6297\u3001\u7ebf\u7c92\u4f53\u529f\u80fd\u53d7\u635f)\uff0c\u4f1a\u4f7f\u795e\u7ecf\u5143\u957f\u671f\u201c\u9965\u997f\u201d\uff0c\u65e0\u6cd5\u6e05\u9664\u6bd2\u6027\u86cb\u767d\uff0c\u6700\u7ec8\u6b7b\u4ea1\u3002<\/p>\n \u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u6d41\u884c\u75c5\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u53d1\u73b0\uff0cII\u578b\u7cd6\u5c3f\u75c5\u60a3\u8005\u60a3\u963f\u5c14\u8328\u6d77\u9ed8\u75c7\u7684\u98ce\u9669\u7ea6\u589e\u52a0 50%~65%\u3002\u8fd9\u8bf4\u660e\uff0c\u5927\u8111\u5065\u5eb7\u548c\u6574\u4f53\u4ee3\u8c22\u72b6\u6001\u4e4b\u95f4\u5b58\u5728\u5bc6\u5207\u5173\u7cfb\u3002<\/p>\n 2 \u201c\u8001\u7cca\u6d82\u4e86\u201d\u5176\u5b9e\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u523b\u677f\u5370\u8c61<\/strong><\/p>\n \u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e38\u89c1\u8bef\u89e3\u662f\uff1a\u4eba\u8fc7\u4e86\u67d0\u4e2a\u5e74\u9f84\uff0c\u5927\u8111\u5c31\u201c\u5b9a\u578b\u201d\u4e86\uff0c\u8fd8\u4f1a\u8d8a\u8001\u8d8a\u7cca\u6d82\u3002<\/p>\n \u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\uff0c\u5927\u8111\u7684\u795e\u7ecf\u53ef\u5851\u6027(neuroplasticity)\u8d2f\u7a7f\u6574\u4e2a\u751f\u547d\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002<\/p>\n \u795e\u7ecf\u79d1\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u5728\u8001\u5e74\u9636\u6bb5\uff0c\u5927\u8111\u4ecd\u7136\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f62\u6210\u65b0\u7684\u7a81\u89e6\u8fde\u63a5\u3001\u8c03\u6574\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc\u3001\u5728\u67d0\u4e9b\u533a\u57df\u4ea7\u751f\u65b0\u7684\u795e\u7ecf\u5143\u3002<\/p>\n \u5927\u8111\u5c31\u50cf\u808c\u8089\uff0c\u7ecf\u5e38\u4f7f\u7528\u5c31\u4f1a\u4fdd\u6301\u6d3b\u8dc3\u3002\u4e00\u9879\u9488\u5bf9\u8001\u5e74\u4eba\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u5728 6 \u4e2a\u6708\u7684\u8ba4\u77e5\u8bad\u7ec3\u540e\uff0c\u53c2\u4e0e\u8005\u5728\u8bb0\u5fc6\u4efb\u52a1\u4e2d\u7684\u8868\u73b0\u5e73\u5747\u63d0\u9ad820% \u4ee5\u4e0a\u3002<\/p>\n 3 \u5ef6\u7f13\u8ba4\u77e5\u8870\u9000\u9700\u8981\u201c\u8eab\u4f53+\u8ba4\u77e5\u529f\u80fd\u53cc\u91cd\u953b<\/strong><\/p>\n \u70bc\u201d<\/p>\n \u4ee3\u8c22\u5065\u5eb7\u9700\u8981\u7ef4\u6301\u4ee3\u8c22\u5065\u5eb7+\u6301\u7eed\u8111\u529b\u6d3b\u52a8\u3002\u5b9e\u73b0\u4ee3\u8c22\u5065\u5eb7\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u5927\u5bb6\u90fd\u4e0d\u964c\u751f\uff1a\u89c4\u5f8b\u8fd0\u52a8\u3001\u5065\u5eb7\u996e\u98df\u3002\u6301\u7eed\u8111\u529b\u6d3b\u52a8\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e5f\u4e0d\u590d\u6742\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u5b66\u4e60\u65b0\u6280\u80fd\u3001\u5b66\u4e60\u5916\u8bed\u3001\u8fdb\u884c\u793e\u4ea4\u4e92\u52a8\u7b49\u3002\u800c\u53c2\u52a0\u5e7f\u573a\u821e\u6d3b\u52a8\u80fd\u5b9e\u73b0\u201c\u65e2\u8981\u53c8\u8981\u201d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bf4\u662f\u5929\u9009\u5ef6\u7f13\u8870\u8001\u6d3b\u52a8\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n \u5e7f\u573a\u821e\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u6709\u7a81\u51fa\u4f5c\u7528\uff1f<\/strong><\/p>\n \u5f88\u591a\u4eba\u89c9\u5f97\u5e7f\u573a\u821e\u53ea\u662f\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u4f53\u64cd\u52a8\u4f5c\u3002\u4f46\u4ece\u795e\u7ecf\u79d1\u5b66\u89d2\u5ea6\u770b\uff0c\u5b83\u5176\u5b9e\u8c03\u52a8\u4e86\u591a\u79cd\u5927\u8111\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002<\/p>\n 1 \u8bb0\u5fc6\u7cfb\u7edf\uff1a\u8bb0\u4f4f\u821e\u6b65<\/strong><\/p>\n \u5e7f\u573a\u821e\u901a\u5e38\u5305\u542b\u56fa\u5b9a\u821e\u6b65\u7ec4\u5408\u3002\u5b66\u4e60\u821e\u6b65\u65f6\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u4f7f\u7528\u5de5\u4f5c\u8bb0\u5fc6\u548c\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6027\u8bb0\u5fc6\u3002\u7814\u7a76\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u5b66\u4e60\u65b0\u7684\u52a8\u4f5c\u5e8f\u5217\u80fd\u591f\u4fc3\u8fdb\u7a81\u89e6\u53ef\u5851\u6027\uff0c\u5e76\u589e\u52a0\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc\u8fde\u63a5[4]\u3002\u6bcf\u6b21\u5b66\u65b0\u821e\u6b65\uff0c\u90fd\u5728\u4fc3\u8fdb\u5927\u8111\u7684\u65b0\u751f\u3002<\/p>\n 2 \u8fd0\u52a8\u7cfb\u7edf\uff1a\u534f\u8c03\u8eab\u4f53<\/strong><\/p>\n \u6bd4\u8d77\u8dd1\u6b65\u3001\u8df3\u7ef3\u7b49\u8fd0\u52a8\uff0c\u8df3\u821e\u9700\u8981\u8eab\u4f53\u7684\u7cbe\u786e\u63a7\u5236\uff0c\u8fd9\u5c31\u8981\u5927\u8111\u7684\u8fd0\u52a8\u76ae\u5c42\u53c2\u4e0e\u5176\u4e2d\u3002\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u821e\u8e48\u4e2d\u7684\u8eab\u4f53\u5e73\u8861\u8bad\u7ec3\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e8e\u8001\u5e74\u4eba\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6765\u8bf4\u662f\u4e00\u9879\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u2014\u2014\u5f88\u591a\u8001\u4eba\u56e0\u4e3a\u6454\u8de4\u800c\u5f00\u59cb\u957f\u671f\u5367\u5e8a\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u76f4\u63a5\u5bfc\u81f4\u6b7b\u4ea1\u3002\u800c\u8df3\u821e\u662f\u953b\u70bc\u5e73\u8861\u6027\u6700\u597d\u7684\u8fd0\u52a8\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u52a8\u4f5c\u9700\u8981\u4e0d\u65ad\u5730\u8f6c\u6362\u91cd\u5fc3\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u8ba9\u8eab\u4f53\u548c\u5927\u8111\u914d\u5408\u6765\u4e0d\u65ad\u5bfb\u627e\u5408\u9002\u7684\u53d1\u529b\u808c\u7fa4\u6765\u652f\u6301\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u4f53\u91cd\u3002<\/p>\n \u800c\u4e14\u821e\u8e48\u7684\u52a8\u4f5c\u6709\u5f88\u591a\u5355\u72ec\u5de6\u8fb9\u3001\u5355\u72ec\u53f3\u8fb9\u3001\u4e24\u8fb9\u4e00\u8d77\u7684\u7ec4\u5408(\u8ddf\u7740\u6211\u5de6\u624b\u53f3\u624b\u4e00\u4e2a\u6162\u52a8\u4f5c~)\uff0c\u80fd\u8ba9\u4eba\u66f4\u597d\u7684\u611f\u77e5\u8eab\u4f53\u2014\u2014\u529b\u91cf\u5f31\u7684\u90a3\u8fb9\u9700\u8981\u591a\u7ec3\u4e60\u3002<\/p>\n 3 \u89c6\u89c9\u3001\u542c\u89c9\u3001\u7a7a\u95f4\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e00\u4e2a\u90fd\u4e0d\u80fd\u5c11<\/strong><\/p>\n \u5e7f\u573a\u821e\u662f\u96c6\u4f53\u961f\u5f62\u6d3b\u52a8\uff0c\u53c2\u4e0e\u8005\u9700\u8981\u540c\u65f6\u5904\u7406\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u4f4d\u7f6e\u4ee5\u53ca\u4e0e\u5468\u56f4\u4eba\u7684\u8ddd\u79bb\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u80fd\u529b\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u9876\u53f6\u76ae\u5c42\u7684\u89c6\u89c9\u7a7a\u95f4\u5904\u7406\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n \u800c\u5728\u97f3\u4e50\u8282\u62cd\u4e2d\u5b8c\u6210\u52a8\u4f5c\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u5927\u8111\u7684\u542c\u89c9\u4e2d\u67a2\u548c\u8fd0\u52a8\u4e2d\u67a2\u914d\u5408\u6267\u884c\u63a7\u5236\u7cfb\u7edf\u6765\u5b8c\u6210\u3002<\/strong>\u7814\u7a76\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u821e\u8e48\u8bad\u7ec3\u53ef\u4ee5\u663e\u8457\u63d0\u9ad8\u8001\u5e74\u4eba\u7684\u6267\u884c\u529f\u80fd\u548c\u6ce8\u610f\u529b\u6c34\u5e73\u3002\u8fd9\u9879\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\uff0c\u5e73\u5747\u5e74\u9f84 68 \u5c81\u7684\u53c2\u4e0e\u8005\u5728 6 \u4e2a\u6708\u821e\u8e48\u8bad\u7ec3\u540e\uff0c\u5728\u8ba4\u77e5\u6d4b\u8bd5\u4e2d\u7684\u6210\u7ee9\u63d0\u5347\u7ea6 15%\u3002<\/p>\n \u5e7f\u573a\u821e\u7684\u793e\u4ea4\u5c5e\u6027\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n \u88ab\u4f4e\u4f30\u7684\u201c\u5065\u8111\u56e0\u7d20\u201d<\/strong><\/p>\n \u5982\u679c\u8bf4\u8fd0\u52a8\u80fd\u6539\u5584\u4ee3\u8c22\uff0c\u5b66\u4e60\u821e\u6b65\u80fd\u523a\u6fc0\u8ba4\u77e5\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5e7f\u573a\u821e\u8fd8\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u975e\u5e38\u5173\u952e\u7684\u4f18\u52bf\uff1a\u793e\u4ea4\u3002<\/p>\n 1 \u7fa4\u4f53\u6d3b\u52a8\u9700\u8981\u201c\u5171\u540c\u6ce8\u610f\u201d<\/strong><\/p>\n \u5728\u8ba4\u77e5\u79d1\u5b66\u4e2d\uff0c\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u6982\u5ff5\u53eb\u5171\u540c\u6ce8\u610f(joint attention)\u3002\u5b83\u6307\u7684\u662f\u4eba\u4eec\u5728\u7fa4\u4f53\u4e2d\u4e0d\u4ec5\u5173\u6ce8\u81ea\u5df1\uff0c\u8fd8\u8981\u5173\u6ce8\u4ed6\u4eba\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u548c\u76ee\u6807\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\u9f50\u58f0\u5927\u5408\u5531\uff0c\u5728\u6f14\u5531\u4f1a\u65f6\u4e00\u8d77\u558a\u5e94\u63f4\u53e3\u53f7\uff0c\u4e00\u8d77\u8df3\u821e\u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n \u8fd9\u79cd\u80fd\u529b\u6d89\u53ca\u524d\u989d\u53f6\u3001\u989e\u9876\u8054\u5408\u533a\u7b49\u793e\u4f1a\u8ba4\u77e5\u7f51\u7edc\u3002\u7fa4\u4f53\u540c\u6b65\u884c\u4e3a\u8fd8\u80fd\u4fc3\u8fdb\u795e\u7ecf\u5316\u5b66\u5956\u52b1\u7cfb\u7edf\u3002\u7814\u7a76\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u5f53\u4eba\u4eec\u4e0e\u4ed6\u4eba\u540c\u6b65\u884c\u52a8\u65f6\uff0c\u5927\u8111\u4f1a\u91ca\u653e\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u5185\u5561\u80bd\u548c\u591a\u5df4\u80fa\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u63d0\u5347\u6109\u60a6\u611f\u3002<\/p>\n 2 \u793e\u4ea4\u6d3b\u52a8\u80fd\u964d\u4f4e\u75f4\u5446\u98ce\u9669<\/strong><\/p>\n \u4e00\u9879\u5305\u542b7000 \u591a\u540d\u8001\u5e74\u4eba\u7684\u957f\u671f\u7814\u7a76\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u793e\u4ea4\u6d3b\u52a8\u9891\u7387\u9ad8\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u5176\u8ba4\u77e5\u8870\u9000\u901f\u5ea6\u660e\u663e\u66f4\u6162[7]\u3002\u7ecf\u5e38\u53c2\u52a0\u96c6\u4f53\u6d3b\u52a8\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u60a3\u75f4\u5446\u7684\u98ce\u9669\u53ef\u964d\u4f4e\u7ea630%~40%\u3002<\/p>\n 3 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